{"id":12508,"date":"2024-07-05T17:00:46","date_gmt":"2024-07-05T15:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biblianpd.pl\/?p=12508"},"modified":"2024-07-05T11:28:17","modified_gmt":"2024-07-05T09:28:17","slug":"pawel-apostol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biblianpd.pl\/en\/pawel-apostol\/","title":{"rendered":"Pawe\u0142 Aposto\u0142"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dwunasty Aposto\u0142 (po zdradzie Judasza), kt\u00f3rego powo\u0142a\u0142 sam Jezus Chrystus(*1)<\/sup>. Z pochodzenia Hebrajczyk z pokolenia Beniamina i faryzeusz. Posiada\u0142 obywatelstwo rzymskie od urodzenia (por. Dz 22,25-28). Pochodzi\u0142 z Tarsu w Cylicji, gdzie urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 prawdopodobnie w 7 r. n.e. Jego oryginalne hebrajskie imi\u0119 to Szawe\u0142 (\u201eWyproszony\u201d, \u201eWymodlony\u201d). Cz\u0142owiek ten zdoby\u0142 staranne wykszta\u0142cenie u znanego rabina Gamaliela (por. Dz 22,3), kt\u00f3rego do dzisiaj zalicza si\u0119 w poczet siedmiu najwi\u0119kszych \u017cydowskich rabin\u00f3w staro\u017cytno\u015bci. W tym czasie Szawe\u0142 mieszka\u0142 w Jerozolimie i by\u0142 mocno zaanga\u017cowany w prze\u015bladowania pierwszych uczni\u00f3w Chrystusa (por. Dz 8,1-3; Dz 9,1-3). Po dramatycznym prze\u017cyciu osobistego spotkania z Chrystusem ok. 36 r. n.e. (Pawe\u0142 mia\u0142 w\u00f3wczas najprawdopodobniej 29 lat), o kt\u00f3rym czytamy w Dz 9,3-9, sta\u0142 si\u0119 jednym z najaktywniejszych i najbardziej oddanych g\u0142osicieli Chrystusa w I w. Z tego powodu zyska\u0142 w teologii przydomek Aposto\u0142a Narod\u00f3w. W Ga 2,7-9 znajdujemy informacj\u0119, \u017ce podczas spotkania Piotra i Paw\u0142a w Jerozolimie oko\u0142o roku 50 (co mia\u0142o miejsce ok. 14 lat po zwrocie w \u017cyciu Paw\u0142a \u2013 por. Ga 2,1-2) zapad\u0142y znacz\u0105ce decyzje. Podczas gdy Piotr mia\u0142 si\u0119 skupi\u0107 na g\u0142oszeniu wiary w Chrystusa \u017bydom, Szawe\u0142 mia\u0142 si\u0119 skoncentrowa\u0107 na tym samym w\u015br\u00f3d nie-\u017byd\u00f3w (tzw. pogan). By\u0107 mo\u017ce z tego powodu, aby minimalizowa\u0107 bariery kulturowe, Aposto\u0142, g\u0142osz\u0105c Chrystusa w \u015brodowiskach nie\u017cydowskich, zacz\u0105\u0142 wkr\u00f3tce pos\u0142ugiwa\u0107 si\u0119 zlatynizowan\u0105 wersj\u0105 swojego imienia \u2013 Paulus<\/em> (Pawe\u0142), co te\u017c mog\u0142o mie\u0107 oparcie w jego rzymskim obywatelstwie. Z racji pochodzenia, wykszta\u0142cenia oraz obywatelstwa Aposto\u0142 Pawe\u0142 zna\u0142 przynajmniej trzy j\u0119zyki: hebrajski, aramejski i grecki. By\u0107 mo\u017ce zna\u0142 ich wi\u0119cej, na co mo\u017ce wskazywa\u0107 zapis 1 Kor 14,18.<\/strong>
\nAposto\u0142 Pawe\u0142 (obok Aposto\u0142a Jana) zostawi\u0142 po sobie najwi\u0119ksz\u0105 spu\u015bcizn\u0119 teologiczn\u0105, kt\u00f3ra radykalnie wp\u0142yn\u0119\u0142a na oddzielenie si\u0119 biblijnego chrze\u015bcija\u0144stwa od obrz\u0119dowego judaizmu. Chocia\u017c sam by\u0142 \u017bydem \u015bwietnie wykszta\u0142conym w Prawie Moj\u017ceszowym (por. Dz 22,3) i do ko\u0144ca zachowa\u0142 w sercu wielk\u0105 mi\u0142o\u015b\u0107 do swego narodu, to jednak wszystko, co w jego \u017cyciu by\u0142o zwi\u0105zane ze starym religijnym \u017cyciem wg Prawa i tradycji \u017cydowskiej, ostatecznie uzna\u0142 \u201eza wielk\u0105 strat\u0119\u201d (por. Flp 3,8).<\/strong>
\nZachowane dokumenty pisarzy wczesnochrze\u015bcija\u0144skich zdaj\u0105 si\u0119 potwierdza\u0107 fakt, \u017ce Aposto\u0142 Pawe\u0142 poni\u00f3s\u0142 \u015bmier\u0107 m\u0119cze\u0144sk\u0105 w Rzymie w roku 67 n.e. (w wieku 60 lat), podczas swego drugiego uwi\u0119zienia.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550<\/strong>
\n(*1)<\/sup> Niekt\u00f3rzy za dwunastego Aposto\u0142a, powo\u0142anego w miejsce Judasza, uwa\u017caj\u0105 Macieja, jednak ten cz\u0142owiek (pomimo g\u0142osowania zarz\u0105dzonego przez pop\u0119dliwego, jak zawsze, Piotra \u2013 por. Dz 1,20-26) nie spe\u0142nia\u0142 podstawowej kwalifikacji apostolstwa \u2013 osobistego powo\u0142ania przez Jezusa Chrystusa.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dwunasty Aposto\u0142 (po zdradzie Judasza), kt\u00f3rego powo\u0142a\u0142 sam Jezus Chrystus(*1). Z pochodzenia Hebrajczyk z pokolenia Beniamina i faryzeusz. Posiada\u0142 obywatelstwo<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[221],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12508","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-komentarz-npd","livre-type-book"],"yoast_head":"\nPawe\u0142 Aposto\u0142 - Biblia NPD<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/biblianpd.pl\/en\/pawel-apostol\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pawe\u0142 Aposto\u0142 - Biblia NPD\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dwunasty Aposto\u0142 (po zdradzie Judasza), kt\u00f3rego powo\u0142a\u0142 sam Jezus Chrystus(*1). 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